
TORAH
NEVI'IM
KETUVIM
Chapter 31
Translation and Transliteration ofΒ
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1The words of Lemuel, king of Massa, with which his mother admonished him:
ΧΧΦΌΦ΄ΧΦ°Χ¨Φ΅Χ ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΌΧΦ΅Χ ΧΦΆΧΦΆΧΦ° ΧΦ·Χ©ΧΦΌΦΈΧ ΧΦ²βΧ©ΧΦΆΧ¨ΦΎΧΦ΄Χ‘ΦΌΦ°Χ¨Φ·ΧͺΦΌΧΦΌ ΧΦ΄ΧΦΌΧΦΉΧ
2No, my son! No, O son of my womb! No, O son of my vows!
ΧΧΦ·ΧΦΎΧΦΌΦ°Χ¨Φ΄Χ ΧΦΌΧΦ·ΧΦΎΧΦΌΦ·Χ¨ΦΎΧΦΌΦ΄ΧΦ°Χ Φ΄Χ ΧΦΌΧΦΆΧ ΧΦΌΦ·Χ¨ΦΎΧ Φ°ΧΦΈΧ¨ΦΈΧΧ
3Do not give your strength to women, Your vigor, to those who destroy kings.
ΧΧΦ·ΧΦΎΧͺΦΌΦ΄ΧͺΦΌΦ΅Χ ΧΦ·Χ ΦΌΦΈΧ©ΧΦ΄ΧΧ ΧΦ΅ΧΧΦΆΧΦΈ ΧΦΌΧΦ°Χ¨ΦΈΧΦΆΧΧΦΈ ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΉΧͺ ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦ΄ΧΧΧ
4Wine is not for kings, O Lemuel; Not for kings to drink, Nor any strong drink for princes,
ΧΧΦ·Χ ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦ΄ΧΧ ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΉΧΦ΅Χ ΧΦ·Χ ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦ΄ΧΧ Χ©ΧΦ°ΧͺΧΦΉΦΎΧΦΈΧΦ΄Χ ΧΦΌΧΦ°Χ¨ΧΦΉΧΦ°Χ Φ΄ΧΧ ΧΧ [ΧΦ΅Χ] Χ©ΧΦ΅ΧΦΈΧ¨Χ
5Lest they drink and forget what has been ordained, And infringe on the rights of the poor.
ΧΧ€ΦΌΦΆΧΦΎΧΦ΄Χ©ΧΦ°ΧͺΦΌΦΆΧ ΧΦ°ΧΦ΄Χ©ΧΦ°ΧΦΌΦ·Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦ»Χ§ΦΌΦΈΧ§ ΧΦ΄ΧΧ©ΧΦ·Χ ΦΌΦΆΧ ΧΦΌΦ΄ΧΧ ΧΦΌΦΈΧΦΎΧΦΌΦ°Χ Φ΅ΧΦΎΧ’ΦΉΧ Φ΄ΧΧ
6Give strong drink to the hapless And wine to the embittered.
ΧΧͺΦΌΦ°Χ ΧΦΌΦΎΧ©ΧΦ΅ΧΦΈΧ¨ ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΉΧΦ΅Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦ·ΧΦ΄Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧ¨Φ΅Χ Χ ΦΈΧ€ΦΆΧ©ΧΧ
7Let them drink and forget their poverty, And put their troubles out of mind.
ΧΧΦ΄Χ©ΧΦ°ΧͺΦΌΦΆΧ ΧΦ°ΧΦ΄Χ©ΧΦ°ΧΦΌΦ·Χ Χ¨Φ΄ΧΧ©ΧΧΦΉ ΧΦ·Χ’Φ²ΧΦΈΧΧΦΉ ΧΦΉΧ ΧΦ΄ΧΦ°ΧΦΌΦΈΧ¨ΦΎΧ’ΧΦΉΧΧ
8Speak up for the dumb, For the rights of all the unfortunate.
ΧΧ€ΦΌΦ°ΧͺΦ·ΧΦΎΧ€ΦΌΦ΄ΧΧΦΈ ΧΦ°ΧΦ΄ΧΦΌΦ΅Χ ΧΦΆΧΦΎΧΦΌΦ΄ΧΧ ΧΦΌΦΈΧΦΎΧΦΌΦ°Χ Φ΅Χ ΧΦ²ΧΧΦΉΧ£Χ
9Speak up, judge righteously, Champion the poor and the needy.
ΧΧ€ΦΌΦ°ΧͺΦ·ΧΦΎΧ€ΦΌΦ΄ΧΧΦΈ Χ©ΧΦ°Χ€ΦΈΧΦΎΧ¦ΦΆΧΦΆΧ§ ΧΦ°ΧΦ΄ΧΧ Χ’ΦΈΧ Φ΄Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦΆΧΦ°ΧΧΦΉΧΧ
10What a rare find is a capable wife! Her worth is far beyond that of rubies.
AY-shet KHA-yil MEE yim-TZA v'-ra-KHOK mi-p'-nee-NEEM mikh-RAH
ΧΧΦ΅Χ©ΧΦΆΧͺΦΎΧΦ·ΧΦ΄Χ ΧΦ΄Χ ΧΦ΄ΧΦ°Χ¦ΦΈΧ ΧΦ°Χ¨ΦΈΧΦΉΧ§ ΧΦ΄Χ€ΦΌΦ°Χ Φ΄ΧΧ Φ΄ΧΧ ΧΦ΄ΧΦ°Χ¨ΦΈΧΦΌΧ
Β 31:10Β Β A capable wife
This chapter contains an extended poem in praise of the eishet chayil, translated here as βcapable wife,β but generally referred to as the βwoman of valorβ (verses 10-31). She provides for her family in all ways, both materially and spiritually, and her endeavors and accomplishments are praised by the members of her household and by others. This poem is sung by Jews around the world on Friday nights, as they begin the first Shabbat meal. It is often understood as a praise for the Jewish woman who works hard to care for her family and for others, and to prepare for the Shabbat each week. On a more mystical plane, it has been said in the name of the sixteenth century Kabbalist Rabbi Yitzchak Luria, who is known by the acronym Arizal, that βthe Land of Israel is the earthly manifestation of the woman of valor.β When the Children of Israel follow Hashem faithfully in this unique land, they are provided for, both materially and spiritually. And, the beauty and charm of Eretz Yisrael are recognized and praised by all, Jews and non-Jews alike.
11Her husband puts his confidence in her, And lacks no good thing.
ΧΧΧΦΌΦΈΧΦ·Χ ΧΦΌΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ΅Χ ΧΦΌΦ·Χ’Φ°ΧΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ°Χ©ΧΦΈΧΦΈΧ ΧΦΉΧ ΧΦΆΧΦ°Χ‘ΦΈΧ¨Χ
12She is good to him, never bad, All the days of her life.
ΧΧΧΦΌΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦ·ΧͺΦ°ΧΧΦΌ ΧΧΦΉΧ ΧΦ°ΧΦΉΧΦΎΧ¨ΦΈΧ’ ΧΦΌΦΉΧ ΧΦ°ΧΦ΅Χ ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦΆΧΧΧ
13She looks for wool and flax, And sets her hand to them with a will.
ΧΧΧΦΌΦΈΧ¨Φ°Χ©ΧΦΈΧ Χ¦ΦΆΧΦΆΧ¨ ΧΦΌΧ€Φ΄Χ©ΧΦ°ΧͺΦΌΦ΄ΧΧ ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦ·Χ’Φ·Χ©Χ ΧΦΌΦ°ΧΦ΅Χ€ΦΆΧ₯ ΧΦΌΦ·Χ€ΦΌΦΆΧΧΦΈΧ
14She is like a merchant fleet, Bringing her food from afar.
ΧΧΧΦΈΧΦ°ΧͺΦΈΧ ΧΦΌΦΈΧΦ³Χ Φ΄ΧΦΌΧΦΉΧͺ Χ‘ΧΦΉΧΦ΅Χ¨ ΧΦ΄ΧΦΌΦΆΧ¨Φ°ΧΦΈΧ§ ΧͺΦΌΦΈΧΦ΄ΧΧ ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦΌΧ
15She rises while it is still night, And supplies provisions for her household, The daily fare of her maids.
ΧΧΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦΈΧ§ΦΈΧ ΧΦΌΦ°Χ’ΧΦΉΧ ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧ ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦ΄ΧͺΦΌΦ΅Χ ΧΦΆΧ¨ΦΆΧ£ ΧΦ°ΧΦ΅ΧΧͺΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ°ΧΦΉΧ§ ΧΦ°Χ Φ·Χ’Φ²Χ¨ΦΉΧͺΦΆΧΧΦΈΧ
16She sets her mind on an estate and acquires it; She plants a vineyard by her own labors.
ΧΧΧΦΈΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧ Χ©ΧΦΈΧΦΆΧ ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦ΄Χ§ΦΌΦΈΧΦ΅ΧΧΦΌ ΧΦ΄Χ€ΦΌΦ°Χ¨Φ΄Χ ΧΦ·Χ€ΦΌΦΆΧΧΦΈ Χ ΧΧ’ [Χ ΦΈΧΦ°Χ’ΦΈΧ] ΧΦΌΦΈΧ¨ΦΆΧΧ
17She girds herself with strength, And performs her tasks with vigor.
ΧΧΧΦΈΧΦ°Χ¨ΦΈΧ ΧΦ°Χ’ΧΦΉΧ ΧΦΈΧͺΦ°Χ ΦΆΧΧΦΈ ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦ°ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦ΅Χ₯ ΧΦ°Χ¨ΦΉΧ’ΧΦΉΧͺΦΆΧΧΦΈΧ
18She sees that her business thrives; Her lamp never goes out at night.
ΧΧΧΦΈΧ’Φ²ΧΦΈΧ ΧΦΌΦ΄ΧΦΎΧΧΦΉΧ Χ‘Φ·ΧΦ°Χ¨ΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦΉΧΦΎΧΦ΄ΧΦ°ΧΦΌΦΆΧ ΧΧΧΧ [ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧ] Χ Φ΅Χ¨ΦΈΧΦΌΧ
19She sets her hand to the distaff; Her fingers work the spindle.
ΧΧΧΦΈΧΦΆΧΧΦΈ Χ©ΧΦ΄ΧΦΌΦ°ΧΦΈΧ ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦ΄ΧΧ©ΧΧΦΉΧ¨ ΧΦ°ΧΦ·Χ€ΦΌΦΆΧΧΦΈ ΧͺΦΌΦΈΧΦ°ΧΧΦΌ Χ€ΦΈΧΦΆΧΦ°Χ
20She gives generously to the poor; Her hands are stretched out to the needy.
ΧΧΦΌΦ·Χ€ΦΌΦΈΧΦΌ Χ€ΦΌΦΈΧ¨Φ°Χ©ΧΦΈΧ ΧΦΆΧ’ΦΈΧ Φ΄Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦΆΧΧΦΈ Χ©ΧΦ΄ΧΦΌΦ°ΧΦΈΧ ΧΦΈΧΦΆΧΦ°ΧΧΦΉΧΧ
21She is not worried for her household because of snow, For her whole household is dressed in crimson.
ΧΧΧΦΉΧΦΎΧͺΦ΄ΧΧ¨ΦΈΧ ΧΦ°ΧΦ΅ΧΧͺΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ΄Χ©ΧΦΌΦΈΧΦΆΧ ΧΦΌΦ΄Χ ΧΦΈΧΦΎΧΦΌΦ΅ΧΧͺΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦΈΧΦ»Χ©Χ Χ©ΧΦΈΧ Φ΄ΧΧΧ
22She makes covers for herself; Her clothing is linen and purple.
ΧΧΧΦ·Χ¨Φ°ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦ΄ΧΧ Χ’ΦΈΧ©ΧΦ°ΧͺΦΈΧΦΎΧΦΌΦΈΧΦΌ Χ©ΧΦ΅Χ©Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦ·Χ¨Φ°ΧΦΌΦΈΧΦΈΧ ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΌΧ©ΧΦΈΧΦΌΧ
23Her husband is prominent in the gates, As he sits among the elders of the land.
ΧΧΧ ΧΦΉΧΦΈΧ’ ΧΦΌΦ·Χ©ΧΦΌΦ°Χ’ΦΈΧ¨Φ΄ΧΧ ΧΦΌΦ·Χ’Φ°ΧΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦΌΦ°Χ©ΧΦ΄ΧΦ°ΧͺΦΌΧΦΉ Χ’Φ΄ΧΦΎΧΦ΄Χ§Φ°Χ Φ΅ΧΦΎΧΦΈΧ¨ΦΆΧ₯Χ
24She makes cloth and sells it, And offers a girdle to the merchant.
ΧΧΧ‘ΦΈΧΦ΄ΧΧ Χ’ΦΈΧ©ΧΦ°ΧͺΦΈΧ ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦ΄ΧΦ°ΧΦΌΦΉΧ¨ ΧΦ·ΧΦ²ΧΧΦΉΧ¨ Χ ΦΈΧͺΦ°Χ ΦΈΧ ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦ°Χ Φ·Χ’Φ²Χ Φ΄ΧΧ
25She is clothed with strength and splendor; She looks to the future cheerfully.
ΧΧΧ’ΦΉΧΦΎΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦΈΧ¨ ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΌΧ©ΧΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦ΄Χ©ΧΦ°ΧΦ·Χ§ ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΉΧ ΧΦ·ΧΦ²Χ¨ΧΦΉΧΧ
26Her mouth is full of wisdom, Her tongue with kindly teaching.
ΧΧΧ€ΦΌΦ΄ΧΧΦΈ Χ€ΦΌΦΈΧͺΦ°ΧΦΈΧ ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧ ΧΦ°ΧͺΧΦΉΧ¨Φ·ΧͺΦΎΧΦΆΧ‘ΦΆΧ Χ’Φ·ΧΦΎΧΦ°Χ©ΧΧΦΉΧ ΦΈΧΦΌΧ
27She oversees the activities of her household And never eats the bread of idleness.
ΧΧΧ¦ΧΦΉΧ€Φ΄ΧΦΌΦΈΧ ΧΦ²ΧΦ΄ΧΧΧΦΉΧͺ ΧΦΌΦ΅ΧΧͺΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ°ΧΦΆΧΦΆΧ Χ’Φ·Χ¦Φ°ΧΧΦΌΧͺ ΧΦΉΧ ΧͺΦΉΧΧΦ΅ΧΧ
28Her children declare her happy; Her husband praises her,
ΧΧΧ§ΦΈΧΧΦΌ ΧΦΈΧ ΦΆΧΧΦΈ ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦ·Χ©ΧΦΌΦ°Χ¨ΧΦΌΧΦΈ ΧΦΌΦ·Χ’Φ°ΧΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΦΈΧΦΌΧ
29βMany women have done well, But you surpass them all.β
ΧΧΧ¨Φ·ΧΦΌΧΦΉΧͺ ΧΦΌΦΈΧ ΧΦΉΧͺ Χ’ΦΈΧ©ΧΧΦΌ ΧΦΈΧΦ΄Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΌΦ° Χ’ΦΈΧΦ΄ΧΧͺ Χ’Φ·ΧΦΎΧΦΌΦ»ΧΦΌΦΈΧ ΦΈΧΧ
30Grace is deceptive, Beauty is illusory; It is for her fear of Hashem That a woman is to be praised.
ΧΧ©ΧΦΆΧ§ΦΆΧ¨ ΧΦ·ΧΦ΅Χ ΧΦ°ΧΦΆΧΦΆΧ ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦΉΧ€Φ΄Χ ΧΦ΄Χ©ΧΦΌΦΈΧ ΧΦ΄Χ¨Φ°ΧΦ·ΧͺΦΎΧΦ°ΧΦΉΧΦΈΧ ΧΦ΄ΧΧ ΧͺΦ΄ΧͺΦ°ΧΦ·ΧΦΌΦΈΧΧ
31Extol her for the fruit of her hand, And let her works praise her in the gates.
ΧΧΧͺΦΌΦ°Χ ΧΦΌΦΎΧΦΈΧΦΌ ΧΦ΄Χ€ΦΌΦ°Χ¨Φ΄Χ ΧΦΈΧΦΆΧΧΦΈ ΧΦ΄ΧΧΦ·ΧΦ°ΧΧΦΌΧΦΈ ΧΦ·Χ©ΧΦΌΦ°Χ’ΦΈΧ¨Φ΄ΧΧ ΧΦ·Χ’Φ²Χ©ΧΦΆΧΧΦΈΧ