TORAH
NEVI'IM
KETUVIM
I - Chapter 2
Translation and Transliteration of
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1These are the sons of Yisrael: Reuven, Shimon, Levi, Yehuda, Yissachar, Zevulun,
אאֵלֶּה בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל רְאוּבֵן שִׁמְעוֹן לֵוִי וִיהוּדָה יִשָׂשכָר וּזְבֻלוּן׃
2Dan, Yosef, Binyamin, Naftali, Gad, and Asher.
בדָּן יוֹסֵף וּבִנְיָמִן נַפְתָּלִי גָּד וְאָשֵׁר׃
3The sons of Yehuda: Er, Onan, and Sheila; these three, Bath-shua the Canaanite woman bore to him. But Er, Yehuda's first-born, was displeasing to Hashem, and He took his life.
גבְּנֵי יְהוּדָה עֵר וְאוֹנָן וְשֵׁלָה שְׁלוֹשָׁה נוֹלַד לוֹ מִבַּת־שׁוּעַ הַכְּנַעֲנִית וַיְהִי עֵר בְּכוֹר יְהוּדָה רַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהֹוָה וַיְמִיתֵהוּ׃
4His daughter-in-law Tamar also bore him Peretz and Zerach. Yehuda's sons were five in all.
v'-ta-MAR ka-la-TO ya-l'-DAH LO et PE-retz v'-et ZA-rakh kol b'-NAY y'-hu-DAH kha-mi-SHAH
דוְתָמָר כַּלָּתוֹ יָלְדָה לּוֹ אֶת־פֶּרֶץ וְאֶת־זָרַח כָּל־בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה חֲמִשָּׁה׃
2:4 His daughter-in-law Tamar also bore him Peretz and Zerah
Rashi (1040-1105)
Rashi wonders why Ezra mentions the seemingly shameful incident of Yehuda and Tamar. Perhaps the answer is that rather than bringing shame upon Yehuda, this incident actually reveals his true greatness. Everyone, even the great heroes of the Bible, makes mistakes. However, it is to Yehuda’s credit that he recognizes, admits and takes responsibility for his error rather than trying to cover it up, and also refrains from repeating his mistake (Genesis 38:26). This quality of humility is necessary in the forefather of the Davidic dynasty and, ultimately, the Mashiach. Many other nations would have chosen a king with an unblemished background and impeccable lineage, yet king David was a product of a troubling relationship. A powerful lesson can be learned from king David’s humble origins: No matter what one’s background is, all people have the ability to overcome their shortcomings and make a difference in the world.
5The sons of Peretz: Chetzron and Hamul.
הבְּנֵי־פֶרֶץ חֶצְרוֹן וְחָמוּל׃
6The sons of Zerach: Zimri, Ethan, Hayman, Calcol, and Dara, five in all.
ווּבְנֵי זֶרַח זִמְרִי וְאֵיתָן וְהֵימָן וְכַלְכֹּל וָדָרַע כֻּלָּם חֲמִשָּׁה׃
7The sons of Carmi: Achar, the troubler of Yisrael, who committed a trespass against the proscribed thing;
זוּבְנֵי כַּרְמִי עָכָר עוֹכֵר יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר מָעַל בַּחֵרֶם׃
8and Ethan's son was Azarya.
חוּבְנֵי אֵיתָן עֲזַרְיָה׃
9The sons of Chetzron that were born to him: Jerahmeel, Ram, and Chelubai.
טוּבְנֵי חֶצְרוֹן אֲשֶׁר נוֹלַד־לוֹ אֶת־יְרַחְמְאֵל וְאֶת־רָם וְאֶת־כְּלוּבָי׃
10Ram begot Aminadav, and Aminadav begot Nachshon, prince of the sons of Yehuda.
יוְרָם הוֹלִיד אֶת־עַמִּינָדָב וְעַמִּינָדָב הוֹלִיד אֶת־נַחְשׁוֹן נְשִׂיא בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה׃
11Nachshon was the father of Salma, Salma of Boaz,
יאוְנַחְשׁוֹן הוֹלִיד אֶת־שַׂלְמָא וְשַׂלְמָא הוֹלִיד אֶת־בֹּעַז׃
12Boaz of Oved, Oved of Yishai.
יבוּבֹעַז הוֹלִיד אֶת־עוֹבֵד וְעוֹבֵד הוֹלִיד אֶת־יִשָׁי׃
13Yishai begot Eliav his first-born, Avinadav the second, Shimea the third,
יגוְאִישַׁי הוֹלִיד אֶת־בְּכֹרוֹ אֶת־אֱלִיאָב וַאֲבִינָדָב הַשֵּׁנִי וְשִׁמְעָא הַשְּׁלִישִׁי׃
14Nethanel the fourth, Raddai the fifth,
ידנְתַנְאֵל הָרְבִיעִי רַדַּי הַחֲמִישִׁי׃
15Ozem the sixth, David the seventh;
טואֹצֶם הַשִּׁשִּׁי דָּוִיד הַשְּׁבִעִי׃
16their sisters were Tzeruya and Avigail. The sons of Tzeruya: Avishai, Yoav, and Asael, three.
טזואחיתיהם [וְאַחְיוֹתֵיהֶם] צְרוּיָה וַאֲבִיגָיִל וּבְנֵי צְרוּיָה אַבְשַׁי וְיוֹאָב וַעֲשָׂה־אֵל שְׁלֹשָׁה׃
17Avigail bore Amasa, and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmaelite.
יזוַאֲבִיגַיִל יָלְדָה אֶת־עֲמָשָׂא וַאֲבִי עֲמָשָׂא יֶתֶר הַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִי׃
18Kalev son of Chetzron had children by his wife Azubah, and by Jerioth; these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.
יחוְכָלֵב בֶּן־חֶצְרוֹן הוֹלִיד אֶת־עֲזוּבָה אִשָּׁה וְאֶת־יְרִיעוֹת וְאֵלֶּה בָנֶיהָ יֵשֶׁר וְשׁוֹבָב וְאַרְדּוֹן׃
19When Azubah died, Kalev married Efrat, who bore him Chur.
יטוַתָּמָת עֲזוּבָה וַיִּקַּח־לוֹ כָלֵב אֶת־אֶפְרָת וַתֵּלֶד לוֹ אֶת־חוּר׃
20Chur begot Uri, and Uri begot Betzalel.
כוְחוּר הוֹלִיד אֶת־אוּרִי וְאוּרִי הוֹלִיד אֶת־בְּצַלְאֵל׃
21Afterward Chetzron had relations with the daughter of Machir father of Gilad—he had married her when he was sixty years old—and she bore him Segub;
כאוְאַחַר בָּא חֶצְרוֹן אֶל־בַּת־מָכִיר אֲבִי גִלְעָד וְהוּא לְקָחָהּ וְהוּא בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה וַתֵּלֶד לוֹ אֶת־שְׂגוּב׃
22and Segub begot Yair; he had twenty-three cities in the land of Gilad.
כבוּשְׂגוּב הוֹלִיד אֶת־יָאִיר וַיְהִי־לוֹ עֶשְׂרִים וְשָׁלוֹשׁ עָרִים בְּאֶרֶץ הַגִּלְעָד׃
23But Geshur and Aram took from them Havvoth-jair, Kenath and its dependencies, sixty towns. All these were the sons of Machir, the father of Gilad.
כגוַיִּקַּח גְּשׁוּר־וַאֲרָם אֶת־חַוּׂת יָאִיר מֵאִתָּם אֶת־קְנָת וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֶיהָ שִׁשִּׁים עִיר כָּל־אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי מָכִיר אֲבִי־גִלְעָד׃
24After the death of Chetzron, in Caleb-ephrathah, Aviya, wife of Chetzron, bore Ashhur, the father of Tekoa.
כדוְאַחַר מוֹת־חֶצְרוֹן בְּכָלֵב אֶפְרָתָה וְאֵשֶׁת חֶצְרוֹן אֲבִיָּה וַתֵּלֶד לוֹ אֶת־אַשְׁחוּר אֲבִי תְקוֹעַ׃
25The sons of Jerahmeel the first-born of Chetzron: Ram his first-born, Bunah, Oren, Ozem, and Achiya.
כהוַיִּהְיוּ בְנֵי־יְרַחְמְאֵל בְּכוֹר חֶצְרוֹן הַבְּכוֹר רָם וּבוּנָה וָאֹרֶן וָאֹצֶם אֲחִיָּה׃
26Jerahmeel had another wife, whose name was Atarah; she was the mother of Onam.
כווַתְּהִי אִשָּׁה אַחֶרֶת לִירַחְמְאֵל וּשְׁמָהּ עֲטָרָה הִיא אֵם אוֹנָם׃
27The sons of Ram the first-born of Jerahmeel: Maaz, Jamin, and Eker.
כזוַיִּהְיוּ בְנֵי־רָם בְּכוֹר יְרַחְמְאֵל מַעַץ וְיָמִין וָעֵקֶר׃
28The sons of Onam: Shammai and Jada. The sons of Shammai: Nadav and Abishur.
כחוַיִּהְיוּ בְנֵי־אוֹנָם שַׁמַּי וְיָדָע וּבְנֵי שַׁמַּי נָדָב וַאֲבִישׁוּר׃
29The name of Abishur's wife was Avichayil, and she bore him Ahban and Molid.
כטוְשֵׁם אֵשֶׁת אֲבִישׁוּר אֲבִיהָיִל וַתֵּלֶד לוֹ אֶת־אַחְבָּן וְאֶת־מוֹלִיד׃
30The sons of Nadav: Seled and Appaim; Seled died childless.
לוּבְנֵי נָדָב סֶלֶד וְאַפָּיִם וַיָּמָת סֶלֶד לֹא בָנִים׃
31The sons of Appaim: Ishi. The sons of Ishi: Sheshan. The sons of Sheshan: Ahlai.
לאוּבְנֵי אַפַּיִם יִשְׁעִי וּבְנֵי יִשְׁעִי שֵׁשָׁן וּבְנֵי שֵׁשָׁן אַחְלָי׃
32The sons of Jada, Shammai's brother: Jether and Yonatan; Jether died childless.
לבוּבְנֵי יָדָע אֲחִי שַׁמַּי יֶתֶר וְיוֹנָתָן וַיָּמָת יֶתֶר לֹא בָנִים׃
33The sons of Yonatan: Peleth and Zaza. These were the descendants of Jerahmeel.
לגוּבְנֵי יוֹנָתָן פֶּלֶת וְזָזָא אֵלֶּה הָיוּ בְּנֵי יְרַחְמְאֵל׃
34Sheshan had no sons, only daughters; Sheshan had an Egyptian slave, whose name was Jarha.
לדוְלֹא־הָיָה לְשֵׁשָׁן בָּנִים כִּי אִם־בָּנוֹת וּלְשֵׁשָׁן עֶבֶד מִצְרִי וּשְׁמוֹ יַרְחָע׃
35So Sheshan gave his daughter in marriage to Jarha his slave; and she bore him Attai.
להוַיִּתֵּן שֵׁשָׁן אֶת־בִּתּוֹ לְיַרְחָע עַבְדּוֹ לְאִשָּׁה וַתֵּלֶד לוֹ אֶת־עַתָּי׃
36Attai begot Natan, and Natan begot Zabad.
לווְעַתַּי הֹלִיד אֶת־נָתָן וְנָתָן הוֹלִיד אֶת־זָבָד׃
37Zabad begot Ephlal, and Ephlal begot Oved.
לזוְזָבָד הוֹלִיד אֶת־אֶפְלָל וְאֶפְלָל הוֹלִיד אֶת־עוֹבֵד׃
38Oved begot Yehu, and Yehu begot Azarya.
לחוְעוֹבֵד הוֹלִיד אֶת־יֵהוּא וְיֵהוּא הוֹלִיד אֶת־עֲזַרְיָה׃
39Azarya begot Helez, and Helez begot Eleasah.
לטוַעֲזַרְיָה הֹלִיד אֶת־חָלֶץ וְחֶלֶץ הֹלִיד אֶת־אֶלְעָשָׂה׃
40Eleasah begot Sisamai, and Sisamai begot Shalum.
מוְאֶלְעָשָׂה הֹלִיד אֶת־סִסְמָי וְסִסְמַי הֹלִיד אֶת־שַׁלּוּם׃
41Shalum begot Jekamiah, and Jekamiah begot Elishama.
מאוְשַׁלּוּם הוֹלִיד אֶת־יְקַמְיָה וִיקַמְיָה הֹלִיד אֶת־אֱלִישָׁמָע׃
42The sons of Kalev brother of Jerahmeel: Meshah his first-born, who was the father of Ziph. The sons of Mareshah father of Chevron.
מבוּבְנֵי כָלֵב אֲחִי יְרַחְמְאֵל מֵישָׁע בְּכֹרוֹ הוּא אֲבִי־זִיף וּבְנֵי מָרֵשָׁה אֲבִי חֶבְרוֹן׃
43The sons of Chevron: Korach, Tappuah, Rekem, and Shema.
מגוּבְנֵי חֶבְרוֹן קֹרַח וְתַפֻּחַ וְרֶקֶם וָשָׁמַע׃
44Shema begot Raham the father of Jorkeam, and Rekem begot Shammai.
מדוְשֶׁמַע הוֹלִיד אֶת־רַחַם אֲבִי יָרְקֳעָם וְרֶקֶם הוֹלִיד אֶת־שַׁמָּי׃
45The son of Shammai: Maon, and Maon begot Bethzur.
מהוּבֶן־שַׁמַּי מָעוֹן וּמָעוֹן אֲבִי בֵית־צוּר׃
46Ephah, Kalev's concubine, bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez; Haran begot Gazez.
מווְעֵיפָה פִּילֶגֶשׁ כָּלֵב יָלְדָה אֶת־חָרָן וְאֶת־מוֹצָא וְאֶת־גָּזֵז וְחָרָן הֹלִיד אֶת־גָּזֵז׃
47The sons of Jahdai: Regem, Yotam, Geshan, Pelet, Ephah, and Shaaph.
מזוּבְנֵי יָהְדָּי רֶגֶם וְיוֹתָם וְגֵישָׁן וָפֶלֶט וְעֵיפָה וָשָׁעַף׃
48Maacah, Kalev's concubine, bore Sheber and Tirhanah.
מחפִּלֶגֶשׁ כָּלֵב מַעֲכָה יָלַד שֶׁבֶר וְאֶת־תִּרְחֲנָה׃
49She also bore Shaaph father of Madmannah, Sheva father of Machbenah and father of Gibea; the daughter of Kalev was Achsah.
מטוַתֵּלֶד שַׁעַף אֲבִי מַדְמַנָּה אֶת־שְׁוָא אֲבִי מַכְבֵּנָה וַאֲבִי גִבְעָא וּבַת־כָּלֵב עַכְסָה׃
50These were the descendants of Kalev. The sons of Chur the first-born of Efrat: Shobal father of Kiryat Ye'arim,
נאֵלֶּה הָיוּ בְּנֵי כָלֵב בֶּן־חוּר בְּכוֹר אֶפְרָתָה שׁוֹבָל אֲבִי קִרְיַת יְעָרִים׃
51Salma father of Beit Lechem, Hareph father of Beth-gader.
נאשַׂלְמָא אֲבִי בֵית־לָחֶם חָרֵף אֲבִי בֵית־גָּדֵר׃
52Shobal father of Kiryat Ye'arim had sons: Haroeh, half of the Menuhoth.
נבוַיִּהְיוּ בָנִים לְשׁוֹבָל אֲבִי קִרְיַת יְעָרִים הָרֹאֶה חֲצִי הַמְּנֻחוֹת׃
53And the families of Kiryat Ye'arim: the Ithrites, the Puthites, the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; from these came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
נגוּמִשְׁפְּחוֹת קִרְיַת יְעָרִים הַיִּתְרִי וְהַפּוּתִי וְהַשֻּׁמָתִי וְהַמִּשְׁרָעִי מֵאֵלֶּה יָצְאוּ הַצָּרְעָתִי וְהָאֶשְׁתָּאֻלִי׃
54The sons of Salma: Beit Lechem, the Netophathites, Atroth-beth-joab, and half of the Manahathites, the Zorites.
נדבְּנֵי שַׂלְמָא בֵּית לֶחֶם וּנְטוֹפָתִי עַטְרוֹת בֵּית יוֹאָב וַחֲצִי הַמָּנַחְתִּי הַצָּרְעִי׃
55The families of the scribes that dwelt at Jabez: the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, the Sucathites; these are the Kenites who came from Hammath, father of the house of Rechab.
נהוּמִשְׁפְּחוֹת סֹפְרִים ישבו [יֹשְׁבֵי] יַעְבֵּץ תִּרְעָתִים שִׁמְעָתִים שׂוּכָתִים הֵמָּה הַקִּינִים הַבָּאִים מֵחַמַּת אֲבִי בֵית־רֵכָב׃